Salud Mental

Effective therapies for the treatment of complex posttraumatic stress disorder: A qualitative systematic review

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Carmen Fernández Fillol
Elena Rocío Serrano-Ibáñez
Gema Teresa Ruiz-Párraga
Carmen Ramírez Maestre
Rosa Esteve Zarazaga
Alicia Eva López Martínez

Abstract

Background. Current literature shows that posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms differ. Although the psychological treatments available for posttraumatic disorder are well established, little is known about the effectiveness of those aimed at the treatment of complex posttraumatic stress.

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of psychological treatments for complex posttraumatic stress disorder.

Method. A systematic qualitative search was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, searching four psychological and health electronic databases: Medline, Pilots, PsycINFO, and Pubmed. Three reviewers independently selected the studies in two phases: preselection (criteria for complex posttraumatic stress disorder, replicable psychological treatment, and treatment effect) and selection (additional criteria: type of study, participants, and treatment).

Results. Of the 615 studies reviewed, 25 were preselected, eight of which met the inclusion and methodological quality criteria. Five studies explored adult populations (with one exception, all were randomized clinical trials) and three child populations (clinical studies with pre- post-treatment design, with and without control group). Most studies with adult populations included psychoeducation, cognitive restructuration, and exposure therapy. The studies with child samples included EMDR and mindfulness as the most frequent treatment components.

Discussion and conclusion. The evidence was insufficient to determine the most effective treatment. More research on this issue is required.

Keywords:
Complex posttraumatic stress disorder, psychological treatment, effectiveness, therapy efficacy

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: APA.

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: APA.

Bolles, M. (2001). Bolles Sensory Learning Method. Positive Health Online, 62. Revista abierta disponible en: http://www.positivehealth.com/article/learning-difficulties/bolles-sensory-learning-method.

Cloitre, M., Garvert, D. W., Weiss, B., Carlson, E. V. y Bryant, R. A. (2014). Distinguising PTSD, Complex PTSD and Borderline Personality Disorder: A latent class analysis. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5, 1-10. doi: 10.3402/ejpt.v5.25097

*Dorrepaal, E., Thomaes, K., Smit, J. H., Veltman, D. J., Hoogendoorn, A. W., van Balkom, A. J. L. M. y Draijer, N. (2013). Treatment compliance and effectiveness in complex PTSD patients with co-morbid personality disorder undergoing stabilizing cognitive behavioral group treatment: a preliminary study. European Journal of Psychotrumatology, 4, 1-7. doi: 10.3402/ejpt.v4i0.21171

*Feske, U. (2008). Treating low-income and minority women with posttraumatic stressdisorder. A pilot study comparing prolonged exposure and treatment as usual conducted by community therapist. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 23, 1027-1040. doi: 10.1177/0886260507313967.

Jarero, I. y Artigas, L. (2009). EMDR Integrative Group Treatment Protocol. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 3, 287–288.

*Jarero, I., Roque-López, S. y Gómez, J. (2013). The provision of an EMDR-based multicomponent trauma treatment with child victims of severe interpersonal trauma. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 7, 17-28. doi: 10.1891/1933-3196.7.1.17

*Kagan, R., Henry, J., Richardson, M., Trinkle, J. y LaFrenier, A. (2014). Evaluation of Real Life Heroes Treatment for children with Complex PTSD. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy, 6, 588-596. doi: 10.1037/a0035879

*Kaiser, E. M., Gillette, C. S. y Spinazzola, J. (2010). A controlled pilot-outcome study of sensory integration (SI) in the treatment of complex adaptation to traumatic stress. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 19, 699-720. doi: 10.1080/10926771.2010.515162

Karatzias, T., Shevlin, M. Fyvie, C., Hyland, P., Efthymiadou, E., Wilson, D., Roberts, N., Bisson, J. I., Brewin, J. R., & Cloitre, M. (2017). Evidence of distinct profiles of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) based on the new ICD-11 Trauma Questionnaire (ICD-TQ). Journal of Affective Disorders, 207, 181–187. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.032.

*Lanktree, C. B., Briere, J., Godbout, N., Hodges, M., Chen, K., Trimm, L., Adams, B.,Maida, C.A. y Freed, W. (2012). Treating multitraumatized, socially marginalized children: Results of a naturalistic treatment outcome study. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 21, 813-828. doi: 10.1080/10926771.2012.722588

Lansford, J. E., Dodge, K. E., Bates, J. E., Crozier, J. y Kaplow, J. (2002). A 12-year prospective study of the long-term effect of early child physical maltreatment on psychological, behavioural and academic problem in adolescent. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 156, 824-830. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.156.8.824

López-Soler, C. (2008). Las reacciones postraumáticas en la infancia y adolescencia maltratada: el trauma complejo. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 13, 159-174. doi: 10.5944/rppc.vol.13.num.3.2008.4057

Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J. y Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Annals Internal Medicine, 151, 264-269. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097

National Center for PTSD (2016). Understanding PTSD and PTSD Treatment. Guía disponible en: http://www.ptsd.va.gov/public/understanding_ptsd/booklet.pdf

Pelcovitz, D., Van Der Kolk, B. A., Roth, S., Mandel, F. S., Kaplan, S. y Resick, P. A. (1997). Development of a criteria set and a structured interview for disorders of extreme stress (SIDES). Journal of Traumatic Stress, 10, 3-17. doi: 10.1002/jts.2490100103

Perestelo-Pérez, L. (2013). Standards on how to develop and report systematic reviews in Psychology and Health. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 13, 49-57. doi: 10.1016/S1697-2600(13)70007-3

Reddemann, L. (2004). Psychodynamisch Imaginative Traumathrapie. PITT – Das Manual. Stuttgart: Pfeiffer bei Klett-Cotta.

*Resick, P. A., Nishith, P. y Griffin, M. G. (2003). How well does cognitive-behavioral therapy treat symptoms of complex PTSD? An examination of child sexual abuse survivors within a clinical trial. CNS Spectrums, 8, 340-355. doi: 1017/S1092852900018605

*Sachsse, U., Vogel, C. y Leichsenring, F. (2006). Results of psychodynamically oriented trauma-focused inpatient treatment for women with complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 70, 125-144. doi: 10.1521/bumc.2006.70.2.125

Shapiro, F. (1995). Eye movements desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Basic principles, protocols and procedures. New York: Guilford Press.

Shapiro, F. (2001). Eye movements desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Basic principles protocols and procedures (2nd edition). New York: Guilford Press.